Emotion Talk in Ilokano

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to observe the rooms pinchs argon press out in Ilokano. It takes into account the grammatic categories sensation roots ar derived and the signs of articles they ar incorporated into. with these methods, the author schools to crock up a general description of the trick of sensation in Ilokano. 1.0 IntroductionUnderstanding kind-hearted race foreland has been slice?s top antecedency crimson before the line of psychology. In an attempt to ingest disposition of e verything inside and almost him, firearm utilise assorted tools and approaches. Langu season, macrocosm an overt and sociable part of man, was non overlooked. It became a regnant tool in man?s chase of judgement himself and the cosmos. nary(prenominal)m Chomsky (1968, p.84) even verbalise, ?...the unvarnished of address whitethorn very substanti every last(predicate)y? provide a remarkably favor up to(p) perspective for the study of homo kind processes.? Different flavours of these psychogenic processes had been the subject of question for a number of social scientists, from recent to present. One of these is emotion. though a universal description of emotion is still deficient up to date, the hobby ar the definitions compiled by the author. emotion is??a flavor verbalise involving public opinions, physiological changes, and an outbound containion or air.?(psychological science ci: sense, 2004)?a powerful feeling; a intricate state of body and mind involving, in its bodily formula, changes in the entrails (main internal organs) and in nervus facialis containion and posture, and in its moral aspect, heightened perception, excitement and, just abouttimes, disturbance of thought and judgment. The urge to activeness is entangle and impulsive behavior may result.?( perception (psychology), 2008)From these definitions, the interest generalizations ordure be made. (1)It is observable. As Heider (1991) states, ?Emotion has twain a mental, or cognitive, aspect and a sensory, physiological aspect?. This is with the looks man expresses emotions, both the linguistic and non-linguistic means. It can be a facial expression, gesture, voice incline and volume, the flow and construction of words, the lexicon chosen, the air the sentences is constructed, etc. (2)It is a social phenomenon. As Harre, R. & Parrott, W.G. (1996, p.167) state, ??the stimuli for emotional reactions come from disassociate large number and emotion occurs in the company of others.? It unremarkably springs from an causa (e.g. an argument) in the life of someone. And in man?s passing(a) interactions, perceiving and understanding these emotions correctly is a crucial and important maneuver because ?? the ability to recognize emotions in oneself and those of others leads to a greater establish in time of validating mental health and eudaimonia? (Altarriba et. al. 2003). Hence, to be able to pass on this ?degree of positive mental health and well-being?, man resorts to properly perceiving the observable aspects of emotion. Emotion lecturing is one. As Bamberg (unknown) asserts, ? style is a means of make sense of emotions, and as such can be employ as a jump point to explore the world of emotions?? Many aspects of emotion tattle had been ta peck into consideration by researchers and students of the social sciences. A rush of them had been concentrated on the revolution of the lexicon for emotions of severally culture, with the intention of analyse one from the other ( identical Russell 1983, Heider, and Altarriba et. al.) Others use lexicon to test if the innovation of a true emotion is the similar across cultures. Others examine ?the grammar of emotions?. As Malicsi (1981, p.12) states, ?What makes grammar an important source of cause for linguistic relativity theory and determinism is its obligatory nature ? it?s categories have to be produced, its rules followed, and the hidden is therefore automatically channeled into certain patterns of expression.? In studying this, spate are more have-to doe with on how people express their emotions in discourse. What type of constructions do they use? What conjectures can we efflorescence up through these constructions? These are the objectives of this study. It is bent on reply the following questions. (1)How are emotions expressed in Ilokano?(2)What type of grammatic categories are these emotions usually derived?(3)What type of construction is apply (i.e. transitive, intransitive, causative, etc.) in expressing these emotions?In this fashion, the author hopes to channel a part of the Ilokano psyche that may hope bounteousy give a better understanding of the behavior and culture of the Ilokano people. As a language, Ilokano is rather popular. belong to the Cordilleran assembly of the Northern Filipino subgroup of the Philippine group of the horse opera Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subfamily of the Austronesian language family, it has nearly 20 million announceers (including those who speak the language as a second, trey, or foreign language in and outside the Philippines), accord to professor Prescila Espiritu (Agcaoili, 2008). It is the lingua franca of the north part of Luzon, namely, the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan, and Abra. It is overly mouth in some part of Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Isabella, Cagayan, and Benguet. It even has ? copious communities? in some parts of Mindanao, Palawan, Mindoro and the United States, making it the third largest talk language in the Philippines, along with Cebuano and Tagalog (Rubino & Garry, 2001). This research, however, is partial notwithstanding to the ?grammar of emotions?. It shall rule emotion on a clausal level. It does not aim to list all the emotion hurt in Ilokano and desexualize each term. It manifestly describes the representation of emotions in a syntactical level. In this description, Ilokano is fake as an ergative language, hence, the ergative-absolutive approach is followed. In this approach, the undergoer (or patient) of a transitive clause is treated in the like way as the individual argument of an intransitive clause. The federal agent of a transitive clause is treated differently. It can be illustrated through the following sentences. (1)N-angted -ak iti regalo ken mike. INTR-gave -ABS OBL gift DET microphone?I gave microphone a gift.?(2)Inn-ikan ?na -k iti regalo ni Mike. TR-gave -ERG ABS OBL gift DET Mike?Mike gave me gifts.?The first construction, which is intransitive, used the first person ridiculous absolutive pronoun ?ak as the single bosom argument. The second sentence used the same pronoun as the patient. When a language treats both arguments in the same manner, it is considered ergative. Moreover, in the interchange of transitive and intransitive clauses, the transitiveness parameters proposed by Nolasco (2003) shall be followed. These parameters are enumerated in the following table. high-pitched TransitivityLow TransitivityA. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. No. of argumentsKinesisAspectPunctualityIntentionalityParticularityDirectionalityEffortAffectedness of PExclusivity of PDistinct A and P/OActionTelicPunctualDeliberateParticularExternalEffortfulP totally affectedExclusive PSStateAtelicNon-punctualVolitionalGeneralInternalEffortlessP not affectedNon-exclusive PNolasco (2003)In conducting the research, 15 Ilokano speakers, with age ranging from 19 to 24 were interviewed. Each was asked to list as umteen emotion terms as they can. Then each was asked to differentiate an instance when they entangle one of these emotions. This way, the speakers can talk freely about their emotions.

The following part of this paper gives an overview of the concept of emotion in Ilokano. The abutting gives the analysis of the ?grammar of emotions?. The last gives the conjectures taken from the said analysis. REFERENCESAgcaoili, A. S. (2007). Nakem Conference?and How It Came to Be. Retrieved January 25,2008 from hypertext dislodge protocol://philippinesonline.org/nakem/Nakem2007/what_is_nakem.htm. ____________ (2008). The Search for root?or the kernel of ?Ilokano?. Retrieved January23, 2008 from http:// vane.dadapilan.com/ruangan. Altarriba, J., Basnight, D.M. & Canary, T.M. (2003). Emotion representation and perceptionacross cultures. In W.J. Lonner, D.L, S.A. Hayes, & D.N. Sattler (Eds.), Online Readings in psychology and Culture (Unit 4, Chapter 5), Retrieved January 24, 2008 from http://www/wwu.edu/~culture. Bamberg, M. (unknown). The Role of Language in the Construction of Emotions. RetrievedJanuary 24, 2008 from http://www.massey.ac.nz/~alock/virtual/bamberg.htm. Cabanero, C., del Corro, A., & Ungson, M. (1972). The Larangang Leksikal of the shape?Alembong?. In Enriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: workings paper in Psycholinguistics. Quezon city: University of the Philippines. Cayetano, J.E. (1972). Isang Pag-aaral ng Larangang Leksikal ng Salitang ?Pambobola?. InEnriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: working(a) papers in Psycholinguistics. Quezon city: University of the Philippines. Chomsky, N. (1968). Language and Mind. saucily York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. Constantino, E. (1971). Ilokano Dictionary. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Enriquez, V.G. & Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: Working papers inPsycholinguistics. Quezon city: University of the Philippines. Harre, R. & Parrott, W.G. (1996). The emotions: social, cultural and biological dimensions. capital of the United Kingdom: Sage. Heider. K.G. (1999). Landscapes of Emotion: office triple cultures of emotion in Indonesia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Helaas, P. (unknown). Emotion Talk across Cultures. In Lange, C.G. & James, W. (1967). TheEmotions. untested York : Hafner Pub. Jocano, F.L. (2001). Filipino Worldview. Diliman, Quezon city: Punlad Research House. Laconsay, G.C. (1969?). Diksionario Iluko-English. Compiled at the University of thePhilippines, Quezon City. Lange, C.G. & James, W. (1967). The Emotions. New York : Hafner Pub. Malicsi, J. (1981). Semantic Approaches to the Sambal Ayta Lexicon. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of the Philippines, Quezon City. Mañalac, M. & Canon, C. (uknown). Muda: Verbal ill-treat in Bikol. In Enriquez, V.G. &Antonio, C.F. (1972). Sikolohiya ng Wika: Working papers in Psycholinguistics. Quezon City: University of the Philippines. Mercado, L.N. (1994). The Filipino Mind. In Philippine Philosophical Studies II, CulturalHeritage and contemporary alternate Series III, Asia, Vol. 8. Washington, D.C.: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. Retrieved January 25, 2008 from http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupid? tonality=olbp23599. Rubino, C. & Garry, J. (2001). Facts about the World?s Languages: An encyclopaedia of theWorld?s study Languages, Past and Present. New York: H. W. Wilson. Psychology 101: Emotion. (2004). Retrieved February 20, 2008 fromhttp://allpsych.com/psychology101/emotion.htmlEmotion (Psychology). (2008). Retrieved February 20, 2008 fromhttp://encyclopedia.farlex.com/emotion+(psychology) If you need to get a full essay, collection it on our website: Orderessay

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